Hi, I have done Alaska twice now. There are several posts that cover most of your questions, but, let me try to answer some of your questions. The key to dressing in Alaska is layers. Also bring some rain gear, at least an umbrella & ponch. I have never been lucky enough to get the warm, sunny Alaska weather, but, they do get it sometimes. Can start out cool in the morning & warm some. If you plan any type of tours involving the glaciers it can be quite chilly.
Tours, I personally did not do any of the fishing or bear watching. Heard from people who did & enjoyed.
Personally my favorite tours are: Juneau -Mendenhall Glacier Helicopter Tour. This was awesome. Just enough exposure for me. Be sure to save time for a trip to the Red Dog Saloon. Can't miss it.
Skagway - White Rail Pass Train was excellent.
Ketchikan - Misty Fjord Seaplane was awesome.
I did not go to Whittier.
Hope this helps! Have an excellent time